Specifications
Maintenance data (fuel, oil level, etc.)
Dimensions
2WD models
Cab type
Bed type
Double Cab
Standard
CrewMax
Short
Long
228.9 in. (5815
mm)
247.8 in.
(6295 mm)
228.9 in.
(5815 mm)
Overall length
Overall width
79.9 in. (2030 mm)
75.9 in.
(1930 mm)*
75.7 in.
(1925 mm)
2
*
2
Overall
height*
1
75.7 in.
75.5 in.
(1925mm)*
3,
*
4
(1920mm)
164.5 in.
*
3,
*
4
145.6 in. (3700
mm)
145.6 in.
(3700 mm)
Wheelbase
(4180 mm)
Front tread
Rear tread
67.9 in. (1725 mm)
67.9 in. (1725 mm)
*1: Unladen vehicle
*2: P255/70R18 tires
*3: P275/65R18 tires
*4: P275/55R20 tires
585
4WD models
Cab type
Bed type
Double Cab
Standard
CrewMax
Long
Short
228.9 in. (5815
mm)
247.8 in.
(6295 mm)
228.9 in.
(5815 mm)
Overall length
Overall width
79.9 in. (2030 mm)
76.3 in.
(1940 mm)*
76.1 in.
(1935 mm)
2
*
2
Overall
height*
1
76.1 in.
(1935mm)*
75.9 in.
(1930mm)
3,
*
4
*
3,*4
145.6 in. (3700
mm)
164.5 in.
(4180 mm)
145.6 in.
(3700 mm)
Wheelbase
Front tread
Rear tread
67.9 in. (1725 mm)
67.9 in. (1725 mm)
*1: Unladen vehicle
*2: P255/70R18 tires
*3: P275/65R18 tires
*4: P275/55R20 tires
9
586
Vehicle capacity weight
Double Cab models
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1435 lb. (650 kg)
1485 lb. (675 kg)*2
1330 lb. (605 kg)
1380 lb. (625 kg)*2
1605 lb. (730 kg)
1540 lb. (700 kg)*3
1425 lb. (645 kg)*4
1570 lb. (710 kg)
1505 lb. (680 kg)*3
1385 lb. (630 kg)*4
1605 lb. (730 kg)
1540 lb. (700 kg)*3
1425 lb. (645 kg)*4
1570 lb. (710 kg)
1505 lb. (680 kg)*3
1385 lb. (630 kg)*4
1580 lb. (715 kg)
1515 lb. (685 kg)*3
1395 lb. (635 kg)*4
1580 lb. (715 kg)
1515 lb. (685 kg)*3
1395 lb. (635 kg)*4
UPK51L-
CRTSKA
2WD
4WD
1UR-FE
engine
UPK56L-
CRTSKA
USK51L-
CRTSKA
3UR-FE
engine
Standard
USK51L-
CRTLKA
USK51L-
CRTSGA
3UR-FBE
engine
2WD
USK51L-
CRTLGA
USK52L-
CHTSKA
3UR-FE
engine
Long
USK52L-
CHTSGA
3UR-FBE
engine
587
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1500 lb. (680 kg)
1435 lb. (650 kg)*3
1320 lb. (600 kg)*4
1485 lb. (675 kg)
1420 lb. (645 kg)*3
1300 lb. (590 kg)*4
1475 lb. (670 kg)
1410 lb. (640 kg)*3
1290 lb. (585 kg)*4
1500 lb. (680 kg)
1435 lb. (650 kg)*3
1320 lb. (600 kg)*4
1485 lb. (675 kg)
1420 lb. (645 kg)*3
1300 lb. (590 kg)*4
1475 lb. (670 kg)
1410 lb. (640 kg)*3
1290 lb. (585 kg)*4
USK56L-
CRTSKA
Standard
USK56L-
CRTLKA
3UR-FE
engine
USK57L-
CHTSKA
Long
Standard
Long
4WD
USK56L-
CRTSGA
USK56L-
CRTLGA
3UR-FBE
engine
USK57L-
CHTSGA
*2: Vehicles with towing package (hitch only)
9
*3: Vehicles with towing package
*4: Vehicles with towing package and large fuel tank
588
CrewMax models
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1440 lb. (655 kg)
1405 lb. (635 kg)*2
1390 lb. (630 kg)*3
1355 lb. (615 kg)*6
1330 lb. (605 kg)
UPK51L-
PSTSKA
2WD
4WD
1UR-FE
engine
1295 lb. (590 kg)*2
1280 lb. (580 kg)*3
1245 lb. (565 kg)*6
1545 lb. (700 kg)
UPK56L-
PSTSKA
1510 lb. (685 kg)*2
1480 lb. (670 kg)*4
1360 lb. (615 kg)*5
1445 lb. (655 kg)*7
1325 lb. (600 kg)*8
1510 lb. (685 kg)
USK51L-
PSTSKA
Short
1475 lb. (670 kg)*2
1445 lb. (655 kg)*4
1330 lb. (600 kg)*5
1410 lb. (640 kg)*7
1295 lb. (585 kg)*8
1500 lb. (680 kg)
USK51L-
PSTLKA
3UR-FE
engine
2WD
1465 lb. (665 kg)*2
1435 lb. (650 kg)*4
1315 lb. (595 kg)*5
1400 lb. (635 kg)*7
1280 lb. (580 kg)*8
USK51L-
PSTZKA
589
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1545 lb. (700 kg)
1510 lb. (685 kg)*2
1480 lb. (670 kg)*4
1360 lb. (615 kg)*5
1445 lb. (655 kg)*7
1325 lb. (600 kg)*8
1510 lb. (685 kg)
USK51L-
PSTSGA
1475 lb. (670 kg)*2
1445 lb. (655 kg)*4
1330 lb. (600 kg)*5
1410 lb. (640 kg)*7
1295 lb. (585 kg)*8
1500 lb. (680 kg)
USK51L-
PSTLGA
3UR-FBE
engine
2WD
Short
1465 lb. (665 kg)*2
1435 lb. (650 kg)*4
1315 lb. (595 kg)*5
1400 lb. (635 kg)*7
1280 lb. (580 kg)*8
USK51L-
PSTZGA
9
590
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1450 lb. (660 kg)
1415 lb. (640 kg)*2
1385 lb. (630 kg)*4
1265 lb. (575 kg)*5
1350 lb. (610 kg)*7
1230 lb. (560 kg)*8
1400 lb. (635 kg)
USK56L-
PSTSKA
1365 lb. (620 kg)*2
1335 lb. (605 kg)*4
1220 lb. (555 kg)*5
1300 lb. (590 kg)*7
1185 lb. (535 kg)*8
1405 lb. (635 kg)
USK56L-
PSTLKA
3UR-FE
engine
4WD
Short
1370 lb. (620 kg)*2
1340 lb. (610 kg)*4
1220 lb. (555 kg)*5
1305 lb. (590 kg)*7
1185 lb. (540 kg)*8
USK56L-
PSTZKA
591
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants + lug-
gage)
Driving
system
Model code*1
Engine
Bed type
1450 lb. (660 kg)
1415 lb. (640 kg)*2
1385 lb. (630 kg)*4
1265 lb. (575 kg)*5
1350 lb. (610 kg)*7
1230 lb. (560 kg)*8
1400 lb. (635 kg)
USK56L-
PSTSGA
1365 lb. (620 kg)*2
1335 lb. (605 kg)*4
1220 lb. (555 kg)*5
1300 lb. (590 kg)*7
1185 lb. (535 kg)*8
1405 lb. (635 kg)
USK56L-
PSTLGA
3UR-FBE
engine
4WD
Short
1370 lb. (620 kg)*2
1340 lb. (610 kg)*4
1220 lb. (555 kg)*5
1305 lb. (590 kg)*7
1185 lb. (540 kg)*8
USK56L-
PSTZGA
*2: Vehicles with electric moon roof
9
*3: Vehicles with towing package (hitch only)
*4: Vehicles with towing package
*5: Vehicles with towing package and large fuel tank
*6: Vehicles with towing package (hitch only) and electric moon roof
*7: Vehicles with towing package and electric moon roof
*8: Vehicles with towing package, electric moon roof and large fuel tank
592
Vehicle identification
Vehicle identification number
The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for
your vehicle. This is the primary identification number for your
Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.
This number is stamped on the
top left of the instrument panel.
This number is also on the Cer-
tification Label.
Engine number
The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.
1UR-FE engine
3UR-FE
and
3UR-FBE
engines
593
Engine
Model
Type
1UR-FE, 3UR-FE, 3UR-FBE
8-cylinder V-type, 4-cycle, gasoline
1UR-FE engine
3.70 × 3.27 in. (94.0 × 83.0 mm)
3UR-FE and 3UR-FBE engines
Bore and stroke
3.70 × 4.02 in. (94.0 × 102.0 mm)
1UR-FE engine
281.2 cu.in. (4608 cm3)
3UR-FE and 3UR-FBE engines
Displacement
345.6 cu.in. (5663 cm3)
Drive belt tension
Automatic adjustment
Valve clearance
(engine cold)
Automatic adjustment
1UR-FE and 3UR-FE
Fuel
Model
Type
3UR-FBE engine
engines
Engine
Gasoline engine
Flex-fuel engine
Unleaded gasoline,
Fuel type
Unleaded gasoline only E85, or a blend of the
two fuels
Octane rating
(Unleaded gasoline)
87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher
Ethanol percentage
(E85)
—
85% or less
Standard fuel tank:
9
Fuel tank capacity
(Reference)
26.4 gal. (100.0 L, 22.0 Imp.gal.)
Large fuel tank:
38.0 gal. (144.0 L, 31.7 Imp.gal.)
594
Lubrication system
Oil capacity
(Drain and refill - reference*)
With filter
Without filter
8.5 qt. (8.0 L, 7.0 Imp.qt.)
7.9 qt. (7.5 L, 6.6 Imp.qt.)
*: The engine oil capacity is a reference quantity to be used when changing
the engine oil. Warm up and turn off the engine, wait more than 5 minutes,
and check the oil level on the dipstick.
Engine oil selection
“Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Toyota vehicle. Use
Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to sat-
isfy the following grade and viscosity.
Oil grade: ILSAC GF-5 multigrade engine oil
Recommended viscosity: SAE 0W-20
SAE 0W-20 is the best choice
for good fuel economy and
good starting in cold weather.
If SAE 0W-20 is not available,
SAE 5W-20 oil may be used.
However, it must be replaced
with SAE 0W-20 at the next oil
Outside temperature
change.
595
Oil viscosity (0W-20 is explained here as an example):
The 0W in 0W-20 indicates the characteristic of the oil which allows cold
startability. Oils with a lower value before the W allow for easier starting
of the engine in cold weather.
The 20 in 0W-20 indicates the viscosity characteristic of the oil when the
oil is at high temperature. An oil with a higher viscosity (one with a
higher value) may be better suited if the vehicle is operated at high
speeds, or under extreme load conditions.
How to read oil container label:
The International Lubricant
Specification Advisory Commit-
tee (ILSAC) Certification Mark
is added to some oil containers
to help you select the oil you
should use.
9
596
Cooling system
Vehicles without towing package
1UR-FE
engine
11.4 qt. (10.8 L, 9.5 Imp.qt.)
Vehicles with towing package
12.6 qt. (11.9 L, 10.5 Imp.qt.)
Capacity
Vehicles without towing package
3UR-FE,
3UR-FBE
engines
11.4 qt. (10.8 L, 9.5 Imp.qt.)
Vehicles with towing package
12.4 qt. (11.7 L, 10.3 Imp.qt.)
Use either of the following.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
Similar high-quality ethylene glycol-
based non-silicate, non-amine, non-
nitrite, and non-borate coolant with
long-life hybrid organic acid technology
Do not use plain water alone.
Coolant type
Ignition system
Spark plug
Make
DENSO SK20HR11
0.043 in. (1.1 mm)
Gap
NOTICE
Iridium-tipped spark plugs
Use only iridium-tipped spark plugs. Do not adjust the spark plug gap.
597
Electrical system
Battery
Open voltage at 68°F 12.6 ⎯ 12.8 V Fully charged
(20°C):
12.2 ⎯ 12.4 V Half charged
11.8 ⎯ 12.0 V Discharged
(Voltage is checked 20 minutes after the engine
and all lights are turned off.)
Charging rates
5 A max.
Differential
Front (4WD models)
1UR-FE engine
2.2 qt. (2.05 L, 1.8 Imp.qt.)
4.9 qt. (4.60 L, 4.0 Imp.qt.)
With standard bed
Double Cab
3.8 qt. (3.60 L, 3.2 Imp.qt.)
Oil
capacity
models
With long bed
3UR-FE
and
Rear
4.0 qt. (3.75 L, 3.3 Imp.qt.)
3UR-FBE
engines
2WD models
CrewMax
models
4.0 qt. (3.75 L, 3.3 Imp.qt.)
4WD models
3.8 qt. (3.60 L, 3.2 Imp.qt.)
Toyota Genuine Differential
Gear Oil LT 75W-85 GL-5 or
equivalent
Oil type and viscosity*
*: Your Toyota vehicle is filled with “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” at
the factory. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” or
an equivalent oil of matching quality to satisfy the above specification.
Please contact your Toyota dealer for further details.
9
598
Automatic transmission
2WD models
11.6 qt. (11.0 L, 9.7 Imp.qt.)
4WD models
1UR-FE engine
Fluid
capac-
ity*
11.3 qt. (10.7 L, 9.4 Imp.qt.)
Vehicles without
towing package
3UR-FE
and
11.7 qt. (11.1 L, 9.8 Imp.qt.)
3UR-FBE
engines
Vehicles
towing package
with
12.3 qt. (11.6 L, 10.2 Imp.qt.)
Toyota Genuine ATF WS
Fluid type
*: The fluid capacity is the quantity of reference.
If replacement is necessary, contact your Toyota dealer.
NOTICE
Transmission fluid type
Using transmission fluid other than “Toyota Genuine ATF WS” may cause
deterioration in shift quality, locking up of the transmission accompanied by
vibration and, ultimately, damage to the vehicle’s transmission.
Transfer (4WD models)
Oil capacity
1.6 qt. (1.5 L, 1.3 Imp.qt.)
Toyota Genuine Transfer Gear oil LF or
equivalent
Oil type
Recommended oil viscosity
SAE 75W
599
Brakes
Pedal clearance*1
4.1 in. (104 mm) Min.
Pedal free play
0.04 ⎯ 0.24 in. (1 ⎯ 6 mm)
0.04 in. (1.0 mm)
Brake pad wear limit
Parking brake lining wear limit
Parking brake pedal travel*2
Fluid type
0.04 in. (1.0 mm)
6 — 9 clicks
FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 or SAE J1703
*1: Minimum pedal clearance when depressed with a force of 110 lbf (490 N,
50 kgf) with the engine running.
*2: Parking brake pedal travel when depressed with a force of 67.1 lbf (300
N, 30.6 kgf).
Steering
Free play
Less than 1.2 in. (30 mm)
Power steering fluid type Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON® II or III
Tires and wheels
Type A
Tire size
P255/70R18 112T
Front tires:
30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Rear tires:
Tire inflation pressure
(Recommended cold
tire inflation pressure)
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Spare tire:
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Wheel size
18 × 8J
9
Steel wheels:
154 ft·lbf (209 N·m, 21.3 kgf·m)
Aluminum wheels:
Wheel nut torque
97 ft·lbf (131 N·m, 13.4 kgf·m)
600
Type B
Tire size
P275/65R18 114T
Front tires:
30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Rear tires:
Tire inflation pressure
(Recommended cold
tire inflation pressure)
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Spare tire:
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Wheel size
18 × 8J
Steel wheels:
154 ft·lbf (209 N·m, 21.3 kgf·m)
Aluminum wheels:
Wheel nut torque
97 ft·lbf (131 N·m, 13.4 kgf·m)
Type C
P275/55R20 111H,
P255/70R18 112T (spare tire)
Tire size
Front tires:
30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Rear tires:
Tire inflation pressure
(Recommended cold
tire inflation pressure)
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
Spare tire:
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar)
20 × 8J,
18 × 8J (spare wheel)
Wheel size
Steel wheels:
154 ft·lbf (209 N·m, 21.3 kgf·m)
Aluminum wheels:
Wheel nut torque
97 ft·lbf (131 N·m, 13.4 kgf·m)
601
Light bulbs
Light Bulbs
Bulb No.
W
Type
A
Headlights*2
HB2
H16
60/55
Front fog lights (bulb
19
5
B
D
C
type)*
1
Front side marker lights
W5W
Front turn signal lights/
4157NAK
27/8
parking lights*
2
Front turn signal lights*3
7444NA
921
28
16
C
D
Exterior Rear turn signal lights
Stop/tail and rear side
marker lights
3157KX
27/8
D
Back-up lights
7440
21
5
D
D
License plate lights
W5W
High mounted stoplight and
cargo lamp
921
16
D
Outer foot light
—
5
5
D
E
Vanity lights
7065
Personal/interior lights
Interior
Front
Rear
W5W
W5W
5
5
D
D
Foot well lighting
—
1.4
D
*1: If equipped
*2: Vehicles with bulb type headlights
*3: Vehicles with LED type headlights
A: HB2 halogen bulbs
9
B: H16 halogen bulbs
C: Wedge base bulbs (amber)
D: Wedge base bulbs (clear)
E: Double end bulbs
602
Fuel information
You must only use unleaded gasoline.
Select octane rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher.
Use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than 87
may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to
engine damage.
At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of
ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A.
You must only use unleaded gasoline, E85, or a blend of the two
fuels.
Unleaded gasoline (Octane rating 87 [Research Octane Number
91] or higher), E85, or a blend of two fuels is required for opti-
mum engine performance.
The use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than
87 may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead
to engine damage.
The use of fuel with an ethanol concentration in excess of 85%
will have a negative impact on driving performance and can
cause damage to the fuel system components.
At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of
ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A.
At minimum, the E85 you use should meet the specifications of
ASTM D5798 in the U.S.A.
Identifying flex-fuel vehicles
Flex-fuel vehicles can be identified by the
fuel tank cap, which is marked “FLEX-
FUEL E85/GASOLINE”.
603
Gasoline quality
In very few cases, driveability problems may be caused by the brand of gaso-
line you are using. If driveability problems persist, try changing the brand of
gasoline. If this does not correct the problem, consult your Toyota dealer.
Gasoline quality standards
Automotive manufacturers in the U.S.A., Europe and Japan have developed
a specification for fuel quality called the World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC),
which is expected to be applied worldwide.
The WWFC consists of four categories that are based on required emission
levels. In the U.S., category 4 has been adopted.
The WWFC improves air quality by lowering emissions in vehicle fleets, and
improves customer satisfaction through better performance.
E85 fuel (Flex-fuel vehicles)
E85 fuel is a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. However, E85 does
not necessarily contain 85% ethanol. For example, in cold climates the etha-
nol content of E85 may be reduced during the winter months to maintain
cold weather starting performance.
E85 has less energy per gallon than gasoline, so you will need to fill your
fuel tank more frequently when using E85.
The number of fuel stations that sell E85 fuel is limited. For more information
about fueling stations, please refer to the U.S. Department of Energy Web
site.
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/locator/stations/
Recommendation of the use of gasoline containing detergent additives
Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives to
avoid build-up of engine deposits.
All gasoline sold in the U.S.A. contains minimum detergent additives to
clean and/or keep clean intake systems, per EPA’s lowest additives concen-
tration program.
Toyota strongly recommends the use of Top Tier Detergent Gasoline. For
more information on Top Tier Detergent Gasoline and a list of marketers,
please go to the official website www.toptiergas.com.
Recommendation of the use of low emissions gasoline
9
Gasolines containing oxygenates such as ethers and ethanol, as well as
reformulated gasolines, are available in some cities. These fuels are typically
acceptable for use, providing they meet other fuel requirements.
Toyota recommends these fuels, since the formulations allow for reduced
vehicle emissions.
604
Non-recommendation of the use of blended gasoline (gasoline engine)
Use only gasoline containing up to 15%
ethanol.
DO NOT use gasoline contain-
ing more than 15% ethanol.
DO NOT use any flex-fuel or gasoline
that could contain more than 15% etha-
nol, including from any pump labeled
E30, E50, E85 (which are only some
examples of fuel containing more than
15% ethanol).
(30% ethanol)
(50% ethanol)
(85% ethanol)
If you use gasohol in your vehicle, be sure that it has an octane rating no
lower than 87.
Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.
Non-recommendation of the use of gasoline containing MMT
Some gasoline contains an octane enhancing additive called MMT (Methylcy-
clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl).
Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel
containing MMT is used, your emission control system may be adversely
affected.
The malfunction indicator lamp on the instrument cluster may come on. If this
happens, contact your Toyota dealer for service.
Non-recommendation of the use of after-market fuel additives (Flex-fuel
vehicles)
Do not use any after-market fuel additives when repeatedly refueling with
E85, as some after-market fuel additives are not compatible with E85.
If your engine knocks
Consult your Toyota dealer.
You may occasionally notice light knocking for a short time while accelerat-
ing or driving uphill. This is normal and there is no need for concern.
605
NOTICE
Notice on fuel quality
Do not use improper fuels. If improper fuels are used, the engine will be
damaged.
Do not use leaded gasoline.
Leaded gasoline can cause damage to your vehicle’s three-way catalytic
converters causing the emission control system to malfunction.
Gasoline engine: Do not use gasohol other than the type previously
stated.
Other gasohol may cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance
problems.
Using unleaded gasoline with an octane number or rating lower than the
level previously stated will cause persistent heavy knocking.
At worst, this will lead to engine damage.
When use of non-specified fuels (Flex-fuel engine)
The use of non-specified fuels will have a negative impact on starting and
driving performance, and will cause damage to the fuel system compo-
nents. Therefore, do not add fuels such as the following.
Fuels containing methanol
Fuels with more than 85% ethanol
Fuel-related poor driveability
If poor driveability (poor hot starting, vaporization, engine knocking, etc.) is
encountered after using a different type of fuel, discontinue the use of that
type of fuel.
When refueling with gasohol
Take care not to spill gasohol. It can damage your vehicle’s paint.
9
606
Tire information
Typical tire symbols
Tire size
1
DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)
2
Location of treadwear indicators
3
Tire ply composition and materials
4
Plies are layers of rubber-coated parallel cords. Cords are the strands
which form the plies in a tire.
Uniform tire quality grading
5
For details, see “Uniform Tire Quality Grading” that follows.
Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure
Maximum cold tire inflation pressure
6
7
This means the pressure to which a tire may be inflated.
TUBELESS or TUBE TYPE
8
A tubeless tire does not have a tube and air is directly put into the tire.
A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air
pressure.
Radial tires or bias-ply tires
9
A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked “RADIAL”
is a bias-ply tire.
Summer tire or all season tire
10
An all season tire has “M+S” on the sidewall. A tire not marked “M+S”
is a summer tire.
607
Typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)
Type A Type B
DOT symbol*
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tire Identification Number (TIN)
Tire manufacturer’s identification mark
Tire size code
Manufacturer’s optional tire type code (3 or 4 letters)
Manufacturing week
Manufacturing year
Manufacturer’s code
*: The DOT symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
Tire size
Typical tire size information
The illustration indicates typical
tire size.
Tire use
1
9
(P = Passenger car,
T = Temporary use)
Section width (millimeters)
2
Aspect ratio
3
(tire height to section width)
Tire construction code
4
(R = Radial, D = Diagonal)
Wheel diameter (inches)
5
608
Load index
(2 digits or 3 digits)
6
7
Speed symbol
(alphabet with one letter)
Tire dimensions
Section width
1
Tire height
2
Wheel diameter
3
Tire section names
Bead
1
Sidewall
2
Shoulder
3
Tread
4
Belt
5
Inner liner
6
Reinforcing rubber
7
Carcass
8
Rim lines
9
Bead wires
10
Chafer
11
609
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations
issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the
U.S. Department of Transportation.
It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota
vehicles with information on uniform tire quality grading.
Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as
you read this information.
DOT quality grades
All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Federal Safety Require-
ments in addition to these grades. Quality grades can be found
where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and
maximum section width.
For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
Treadwear
The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear
rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a speci-
fied government test course.
For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1 - 1/2)
times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual condi-
tions of their use. Performance may differ significantly from the norm
due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences
in road characteristics and climate.
9
610
Traction AA, A, B, C
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C,
and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as
measured under controlled conditions on specified government test
surfaces of asphalt and concrete.
A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.
Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking
(straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turn-
ing) traction.
Temperature A, B, C
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing
the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissi-
pate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified
indoor laboratory test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to
degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead
to sudden tire failure.
Grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger
car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Stan-
dard No. 109.
Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the labo-
ratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.
Warning: The temperature grades of a tire assume that it is properly
inflated and not overloaded.
Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either sepa-
rately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire
failure.
611
Meaning
Glossary of tire terminology
Tire related term
Tire pressure when the vehicle has been
Cold tire inflation pres- parked for three hours or more, or has not
sure
been driven more than 1 mile or 1.5 km under
that condition
The maximum cold inflated pressure to which
a tire may be inflated, shown on the sidewall
of the tire
Maximum
pressure
inflation
Recommended infla- Cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a
tion pressure
manufacturer
The combined weight (in excess of those stan-
dard items which may be replaced) of auto-
matic transmission, power steering, power
brakes, power windows, power seats, radio
and heater, to the extent that these items are
available as factory-installed equipment
(whether installed or not)
Accessory weight
The weight of a motor vehicle with standard
equipment, including the maximum capacity of
fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air
conditioning and additional weight optional
engine
Curb weight
The sum of:
(a) Curb weight
Maximum loaded vehi-
cle weight
(b) Accessory weight
(c) Vehicle capacity weight
(d) Production options weight
150 lb. (68 kg) times the number of occupants
Normal
weight
occupant
specified in the second column of Table 1*
that follows
9
Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as speci-
Occupant distribution
fied in the third column of Table 1* below
The combined weight of installed regular pro-
duction options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in
excess of the standard items which they
replace, not previously considered in curb
weight or accessory weight, including heavy
duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy
duty battery, and special trim
Production
weight
options
612
Tire related term
Meaning
A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube
assembly upon which the tire beads are
seated
Rim
Rim diameter
(Wheel diameter)
Nominal diameter of the bead seat
Rim diameter and width
Rim size designation
Rim type designation
Rim width
The industry manufacturer’s designation for a
rim by style or code
Nominal distance between rim flanges
Vehicle
capacity The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lb.
weight (Total load (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating
capacity)
capacity
The load on an individual tire that is deter-
Vehicle maximum load mined by distributing to each axle its share of
on the tire
the maximum loaded vehicle weight, and
dividing by two
The load on an individual tire that is deter-
mined by distributing to each axle its share of
curb weight, accessory weight, and normal
occupant weight (distributed in accordance
Vehicle normal load on
the tire
with Table 1* below), and dividing by two
The surface area of the rim not covered by the
inflated tire
Weather side
Bead
The part of the tire that is made of steel wires,
wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is
shaped to fit the rim
A breakdown of the bond between compo-
nents in the bead
Bead separation
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that
extend to the beads are laid at alternate
angles substantially less than 90 degrees to
the centerline of the tread
Bias ply tire
Carcass
The tire structure, except tread and sidewall
rubber which, when inflated, bears the load
The breaking away of pieces of the tread or
sidewall
Chunking
Cord
The strands forming the plies in the tire
613
Meaning
Tire related term
Cord separation
The parting of cords from adjacent rubber
compounds
Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner-
liner of the tire extending to cord material
Cracking
A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire
and rim system in which the rim is designed
with rim flanges pointed radially inward and
the tire is designed to fit on the underside of
the rim in a manner that encloses the rim
flanges inside the air cavity of the tire
CT
A tire designed to operate at higher loads and
at higher inflation pressures than the corre-
sponding standard tire
Extra load tire
Groove
The space between two adjacent tread ribs
The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a
tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium
within the tire
Innerliner
The parting of the innerliner from cord material
in the carcass
Innerliner separation
(a) The sidewall that contains a whitewall,
bears white lettering, or bears manufac-
turer, brand, and/or model name molding
that is higher or deeper than the same
molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or
(b) The outward facing sidewall of an asym-
metrical tire that has a particular side that
must always face outward when mounted
on a vehicle
Intended
sidewall
outboard
A tire designated by its manufacturer as pri-
marily intended for use on lightweight trucks
or multipurpose passenger vehicles
Light truck (LT) tire
9
The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry
for a given inflation pressure
Load rating
The load rating for a tire at the maximum per-
missible inflation pressure for that tire
Maximum load rating
Maximum permissible The maximum cold inflation pressure to which
inflation pressure
a tire may be inflated
The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical
dimension requirements
Measuring rim
614
Tire related term
Meaning
Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall,
or innerliner that extends to cord material
Open splice
Outer diameter
Overall width
The overall diameter of an inflated new tire
The linear distance between the exteriors of
the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including ele-
vations due to labeling, decorations, or protec-
tive bands or ribs
A tire intended for use on passenger cars,
multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks,
that have a gross vehicle weight rating
(GVWR) of 10,000 lb. or less.
Passenger car tire
Ply
A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords
A parting of rubber compound between adja-
cent plies
Ply separation
A mechanical device made of rubber, chemi-
cals, fabric and steel or other materials, that,
when mounted on an automotive wheel, pro-
vides the traction and contains the gas or fluid
that sustains the load
Pneumatic tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that
extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90
degrees to the centerline of the tread
Radial ply tire
Reinforced tire
A tire designed to operate at higher loads and
at higher inflation pressures than the corre-
sponding standard tire
The linear distance between the exteriors of
the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding ele-
vations due to labeling, decoration, or protec-
tive bands
Section width
That portion of a tire between the tread and
bead
Sidewall
The parting of the rubber compound from the
cord material in the sidewall
Sidewall separation
615
Meaning
Tire related term
A tire that attains a traction index equal to or
greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E-
1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when
using the snow traction test as described in
ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for
Single Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight
Line on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and
Snow tire
which is marked with an Alpine Symbol (
on at least one sidewall
)
The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and
may be any rim listed as appropriate for use
with that tire
Test rim
Tread
That portion of a tire that comes into contact
with the road
A tread section running circumferentially
around a tire
Tread rib
Tread separation
Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass
The projections within the principal grooves
designed to give a visual indication of the
degrees of wear of the tread
Treadwear indicators
(TWI)
The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire
assembly securely during testing
Wheel-holding fixture
*: Table 1 ⎯ Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for
various designated seating capacities
Designated seating
capacity, Number of
occupants
Occupant distribution
in a normally loaded
vehicle
Vehicle normal load,
Number of occupants
2 through 4
2
3
2 in front
9
2 in front, 1 in second
seat
5 through 10
2 in front, 1 in second
seat, 1 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat
11 through 15
16 through 20
5
7
2 in front, 2 in second
seat, 2 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat
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