Problems with 2005 Ford Five Hundred VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL

I unfortunately own a 05 ford five hundred with 95,784 miles on it. the problem started happening about a year ago and at first i thought that it was my foot hitting the gas when i put my foot on the brake. then i noticed when i would but it in gear it would try to take off on it's own. i finally had enough just last night i was in a drive thru line and i put it in drive from neutral and i came inches from rear ended the person in front of me. today i'm taking it to the dealership to get fixed hopefully. not looking forward to paying a $1000 dollars for a common problem. well ford you lost me as a buyer. *tr

The vehicle has rpm surges at low speeds either in reverse or forward. i nearly had 3-4 accidents in 2 days because of the issue. the vehicle will actually increase up to 1000 rpms by itself while i have my foot on the brake. as soon as i begin to release pressure off the brake while trying to park or negotiate the vehicle at very low speeds the engine will just take off. the first time i noticed it i was backing out of a parking space and the vehicle took off backward causing me to have to slam the brakes on. i almost hit a woman who was passing on the other side of the lane. *kb

On 7/27/11 car lunged forward and accelerated past normal driving speed. car has been doing this (lunging) since i purchased the vehicle back in 2008, but has been accelerating on its own for the past 2 months. i have had the car looked at by a mechanic and it was diagnosed with a throttle body defect. *tr

Car has a problem with throttlebody that causes safety concerns with stopping the car. car lunges forward causing near accidents as a result of this common issue. this problem is referenced by many people at the following location which explains further the issue and why this needs to be a recall: http://www.fordtaurus.net/forums/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=9366. *tr

Backing out of the driveway in a 2005 ford 500 awd, car stumbles then launched backward violently. luckily i had my foot on the brake or the car would have kept going. "failsafe engine mode" appears on the dashboard. this has happened several times before. should be a recall on this car. *kb

This has happened multiple times (meaning more than 5 times) during the summer of 2011. driving on highway at posted speed limits and car suddenly lurches then drops into failsafe mode (as indentified by alert posted on the dash). pull over, read owner's manual. follow directions how to clear failsafe and implement them. a few times it worked for short periods of time. other times, it would not work at all. twice the car was running at approximately 65 mph and suddenly go into failsafe mode then stall out. especially during street/city driving, car suddenly kicks forward then failsafe and will sometimes stall out in middle of street. unable to restart. last time this occurred car required towing to local ford dealer. initially said it was the throttle senor for a cost of $300. when i ok'd that repair, the dealership called back later and stated it was the entire throttle body and repair would come at a cost of $1000. the car now sits in my driveway where it was towed to and sits for safety reasons. after researching the internet, i have come to find that this is a common occurrence with ford and an announced recall should be implemented immediately. *kb

Throttle body bad all most had wreck car would not go just idled. *kb

The vehicle in question was idling in park. vehicle was shifted into reverse with the foot on the brake. once foot was released from the brake the car lunged backward, the tachometer read about 3000 rpm, with no pressure on the gas pedal. just as quickly pressure was applied to the brake and the car entered "engine failsafe mode" and shut down. turning the vehicle off and restarting would clear the problem. this has happened 4 more times since the reported incident date, all with the same circumstances. the vehicle had the a/c on and was idling in approximately 90 degree fahrenheit temperatures with +50% relative humidity. *kb

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while attempting to park, the contact stated that the vehicle surged forward. the failure recurred when the air conditioner was activated. the vehicle was taken to the dealer for diagnostics where the technician advised that the throttle body needed to be replaced. the vehicle was repaired. the approximate failure mileage was 94,400. updated 09/08/11*lj updated evoq 12/01/11 updated 2/9/12 *cn

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that the vehicle would surge forward without warning when attemping to shift gears. the failure occurred whether the vehicle was in drive or reverse. the vehicle was taken to an authorized dealer, who was unable to duplicate the failure. the manufacturer had not been notified of the failure. no repairs were performed. the approximate failure was 106,000 and the current mileage was unknown.

When stopped at a light or when putting into gear the car will rev real high lunge forward and sometimes die. then go into "engine fail safe mode" i believe there are others with this same problem if you look at this site (http://www.facebook.com/pages/ford-freestyle-500-mercury-montego-throttle-body-recall/114094741973972?sk=wall) you will see everyone on there is there to discuss this issue.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that while driving at various speeds, the check engine light would illuminate on the instrument panel and the vehicle would begin to decelerate. whenever the failure occurred, the vehicle would be moved to the shoulder and shut off. after repeated restarts, the vehicle would operate as normal. the vehicle was taken to an independent repair shop where the contact was informed that the throttle body needed to be replaced. the vehicle was not repaired. the manufacturer was made aware of the failure. the failure mileage was 61,200.

I purchased a 2005 ford 500 in 2010 from freeway ford in bloomington, mn. the first incident that i had was when my boyfriend was driving at speeds of 70 mph when all the sudden my vehicle went into engine fail safe mode and lost acceleration. with speeds of 70 mph and 5 lanes of traffic we are lucky that nothing worse followed. this problem would come up again at random times. a more recent incident was i took my vehicle to the dealership to have them clean the throttle body and reset the module. since that was taken care of my car has now worsened. it has gone into fail safe mode 5 times in one month. my car will not accelerate normal and when i start it there are times where my rpm are running higher than normal. *tr

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while the brake pedal was depressed the vehicle suddenly accelerated. the contact shifted into reverse gear, the vehicle accelerated backwards and stalled. the failure occurred approximately four times. the vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic who stated the throttle body needed to be replaced. the manufacturer was made aware of the failure and stated the repairs would not be covered under warranty. the vehicle was not repaired. the approximate failure mileage was 82,000.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving approximately 30 mph the vehicle suddenly stalled. the safe mode light illuminated on the instrument panel. the failure occurred constantly at any speed and when the weather was warm. the vehicle was taken to the dealer who was unable to diagnose the failure. the vehicle was not repaired. the approximate failure mileage was 115,000.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that the vehicle accelerated expectantly despite the fact that the accelerator pedal was not depressed. the vehicle was taken to the dealer and the dealer confirmed that a new throttle body was needed. the manufacturer was not contacted and the vehicle was not repaired. the failure mileage was 36,000 and the current mileage was 38,500.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. when in the drive or reverse position, the vehicle accelerated independently without warning. the failure occurred intermittently. the vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic, but was not diagnosed or repaired. the manufacturer was not notified of the failure. the failure mileage was 216,551.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving approximately 45 mph, the contact noticed that the vehicle would violently jerk and surge intermittently. also, the throttle body assembly would intermittently become stuck in the open throttle position. the dealer was notified of the failure who informed the contact that there were no related recalls. the contact did not inform the manufacturer of the failure. the vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic where a diagnostic test was performed which concluded that the throttle bottle module would need to be replaced. the vehicle was repaired. the current and failure mileage was approximately 79,000.

As i was slowing to turn off of a state highway, my car shut off and displayed a message that said "failsafe engine mode." i was somewhat able to steer, so i completed my turn onto a side street, where the car drifted to a stop. i was able to restart the car and drive home. the next morning, the car would start but immediately shut off, displaying the same error message. i had it towed to a garage, which indicated that the diagnostic test revealed a failed electronic throttle body. they ordered a replacement part, which was then installed. incidentally, the part had since been redesigned by ford. once that part was reinstalled, the computer was reflashed to "learn" that a new throttle body assembly was installed. the computer would not learn the new part, though, so a new computer had to be ordered and installed. over the last five years, this same problem (shutting off while driving) had occurred, but in each case i was able to restart the car without any further problem. this was dangerous in that my car simply shut off while i was driving,making a left turn across oncoming traffic. fortunately nobody was coming the other direction, so i was able to safely drift through the oncoming lane to another side street. also, it is important to note that while my car was at the dealership having the throttle body replaced, i was told that there were approximately five other ford five hundred vehicles in the shop at the same time for the same problem with their electronic throttles as well.

Not sure the exact time but within the past year or so my 2005 ford five hundred ( purchased new) is going into failsafe mode limited throttle power, very sporadic at first but now happening quite often. if you pull over and shut the car off and restart it clears and drives normal. my daughter was driving it yesterday and it happened 7 times from mall to the house (about 20 miles). once while she was in heavy traffic driving about 55 mph. car jerked then started slowing down. this is a safety issue that needs to be looked at. very dangerous. my mechanic is trouble shooting problem, looking like throttle body or gas pedal. i believe ford came out with a new throttle body in 2010 to correct the problem (tsb 05-25-13)but will only replace it at their cost if still under warranty, otherwise the cost is on us the consumer. (about a thousand dollars). *tr

My 2005 ford 500 has a fail safe mode that comes on with a wrench symbol on the dash. when this occurs the car accelerates quickly and jumps while my foot is on the brake. the car still goes while hold the brakes down. this occurs to my vehicle every year. it is happening to my car again and i have to pay for the repairs. i feel this is a safety issue and the consumer should not have continue to have to pay for this problem. it is very alarming when this occurs and you feel as if you have no control over your vehicle. this has occurred with my vehicle every year since i purchased it new and i am very lucky that when it happened i did not have a vehicle in front of me. i love the ford 500 but this is a scary thing when it happens. *tr

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving 40 to 45 mph the throttle body failed. the vehicle began to hesitate, lunge forward and would not move normally. the vehicle was taken to the dealer who stated that the throttle body needed to be replaced, but the parts were on back order and would also cost $400 to repair. the ford manufacturer was not contacted. the vin was unavailable. the failure mileage was 65,000.

When driving at slow speeds or accelerating from a stopped position, car will lurch forward, then stall. check engine light , "fail safe engine mode", and lighted yellow wrench indicator light appears in dashboard. turning off the car and restarting will help sometimes. *tr

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford 500. the contact stated that the vehicle would surge unexpectndly. the contact mentioned that the vehicle would suddenly surge when pulling into a parking space or when going into reverse. the contact stated that the failure occurred more when the air condition was running. the vehicle was not inspected. the failure mileage was 45,000 and the current mileage was 73,000.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact was reversing at an unknown low speed when the vehicle abnormally accelerated backward until pressure was applied to the brake pedal. the failure became an intermittent failure and the vehicle was never taken to have the failure diagnosed. the vehicle was not repaired. the failure mileage was 63,000 and the current mileage was 70,000.

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving approximately 3 mph in reverse the vehicle accelerated and crashed into a fence. he turned the vehicle off when the engine fail safe light came on. when he restarted the vehicle the check engine light came on. he shifted the vehicle into drive gear and it accelerated without him engaging the accelerator pedal. the failure occurred intermittently and had become progressively worse over time. the vehicle was taken to the dealer who stated that the throttle body needed to be replaced. the vehicle was not been repaired since the contact would be responsible for paying $695.86 to repair the vehicle. the failure and current mileages were 59,240.

Defective electronic throttle body (etb) on 2005 ford 500, freestyle, and mercury montego. causes car to move forward or backward in drive or reverse without using any pressure on the gas pedal. must place foot on the brake to avoid running into something, especially while parking. ford has a technical service bulletin (tsb 05-25-13) on this but has not notified any owners of vehicles affected to date. it appears that ford has come up with a new replacement part for the etb unlike the original that was just made available in july 2010. i paid a local ford dealer $128.08 to have this problem diagnosed and another $615.83 to have it fixed. i was told the etb part number was "5f9z-9e926-aa". another number for the new etb part on my sales slip dated 07/30/10 was fmc 6f9z 9e926 a. they called it a kit for the electronic throttle body. the price for the kit was $495.86. since i have heard of this problem coming up on more than one occasion, i thought i would turn it in for your investigation. since the affect of the defective etb actually can cause the car to move on its own, forward or reverse, and requires you to use your brakes simultaneously to keep it from hitting adjoining objects, i thought this is a safety hazard that should be addressed on several ford and mercury 2005 products, it is not the money, it is the safety issue i am most interested in. to parallel park or get into a parking stall with this problem was a real chore keeping you foot on the brake as you tried to maneuver in and out of a parking space. if you did not hold your foot on the brake, the car would move in its own either in drive or reverse. this is not acceptable and a true safety hazard, but i have not seen the problem on the recall lists for my car or others affected in the ford tsb. nor have auto owners been notified by ford or offered compensation for the expense to have the kit installed.

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving approximately 15 mph she engaged the accelerator pedal and the rpms increased excessively. she stated that when the speed increased to 30 mph the vehicle no longer accelerated. the vehicle was taken to a local mechanic who stated that the fuel injection body throttle needed to be replaced. the contact stated that the parts were on back order for a least two to three weeks. the vehicle was not repaired. the contact was unable to provide a vin. the failure mileage was 71,000 and the current mileage was 71,200.

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. when the gear shift was placed in reverse the vehicle suddenly accelerated and the rpms increased. the vehicle was taken to a local mechanic for diagnostic testing who stated that the throttle body was defective. the manufacturer will be contacted. updated 01/13/11*lj the consumer stated when she released the accelerator pedal, the vehicle did not decease in speed without applying the brake. the throttle body was replaced. updated 04/19/11

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that when starting her vehicle and placing her foot on the brake pedal, the vehicle suddenly accelerated and the rpm's increased. she was able to stop the vehicle forcefully by depressing the brake pedal. the vehicle was inspected by a dealer who advised her that the throttle body needed to be replaced. the vehicle was repaired. within a year she experienced the identical failure. the vehicle was taken back to the dealer who advised her that the transmission failed. the vehicle was not repaired. the manufacturer was notified offered her no assistance. the failure mileage was approximately 75,000.

Ford five hundred lunged dramatically as i attempted to make a right turn from a stopped position. i immediately attempted to brake in order to slow the car down and yield to a pedestrian that had begun to cross the street. it took an extreme amount of pressure on the brake pedal in order to fight engine's acceleration and stop the car. upon removing my foot from the brake, the car attempted to re-accelerate hard again, scaring the pedestrian enough that they waved me through and refused to cross until i passed by. the next day, while parking the car in a public garage, the car suddenly lurched forward very hard, again requiring maximum effort to prevent accelerating. this time i was headed into a concrete wall and stopped 2 inches short. for the first time, car entered failsafe mode and presented a check engine light (this light had not been previously presented). dealer informs me computer reports codes of p610b and p2106. they want to replace the throttle body assembly and reprogram the pcm. while i had experienced the sudden acceleration issue intermittently over the years; i never got resolution (unable to recreate the problem) and had never received a check engine light with this code before. investigating this very expensive repair has led me to discover that my experience is not unique and is a recurring issue for this vehicle. further, the costly repair being recommended appears to be a stop-gap fix at best with no certainty of actually fixing the problem. *tr

Monday, june 28th my vehicle seemed to slightly accelerate when i was backing it into a parking spot. then about a week later (july 06th), i was stopped in a line of other vehicles, and the same thing happened where it would accelerate, only this time, it happened approximately 5 times consistently. my vehicle's check engine light appeared with a message that read, "fail safe engine mode". the next day, i immediately took it in to a ford dealer to have it inspected. they said that this is frequent issue with the throttle body and it's unsafe to drive with these conditions. they also mentioned that they have seen a case where a customer's throttle was wide open and accelerated uncontrollably and is shocked that it hasn't been recalled yet. he suggested it not leave the lot until the repairs were done. we left it at the dealership to get repaired, but took his advice. we believe this a default in the manufacturing of the throttle body, and causing unsafe driving conditions. we hope this will get investigated, so no one is injured. *tr

2005 ford five hundred. consumer states problem regarding dangerous and potentially lethal failure mode *tgw the consumer stated he experienced sudden acceleration while in reverse gear. while backing out slowly, the vehicle suddenly accelerated on its own. a considerable amount of force had to be applied to the brake in order to stop the vehicle. the incident occurred on four other occasions. a computer diagnostics revealed no anomalies except for an inlet airflow disturbance attributed to a distorted filter. the filter was replaced and normal airflow was restored. *jb

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred ltd awd. the contact stated that he experienced a sudden acceleration twice. the failure occurred when he attempted to park the vehicle and again when he made a left turn, with his foot depressing the brake pedal. the contact continued to apply pressure to the brake until the vehicle came to a stop. the manufacturer was contacted; however, a report was not taken. the manufacturer stated they were not aware of the failure and to have the failure diagnosed by the dealer. the failure and the current mileages were 131,000.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated the rpms increased when the brakes were applied in order to stop the vehicle and when they shifted in reverse gear. the vehicle would occasionally default into an engine fail safe mode when the failure occurred. the fail safe mode was dangerous because the vehicle would suddenly stop moving. the contact took the vehicle to the dealer and was told the throttle body needed to be replaced. the failure mileage was unknown, but the current mileage was 88,000.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated the vehicle would intermittently and abnormally accelerate without driver intent. the failure would occur whether the vehicle was in drive or reverse. the vehicle was taken to a local repair shop where the mechanic was unable to duplicate the failure. the vehicle was scheduled for further diagnostic testing by the dealer. the failure mileage was 106,000 and the current mileage was 108,000. updated 08/24/10*lj the consumer stated the vehicle randomly accelerates at a rate of 65 mph when her foot is not on the gas pedal. the vehicle also has wiring problems that leads to the headlights causing them to fail. the wires overheat and sometimes flickers. the casing melt as well and then the lights begin to smoke. updated 08/25/10 *jb

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that whether reversing or at a stop, the vehicle would suddenly accelerate abnormally. the failure was experienced numerous times. the vehicle was taken to the dealer who performed a diagnosed that located the failure at the throttle body. the vehicle was not repaired. the vin was not available. the failure mileage was 59,000 and the current mileage was 95,000.

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the throttle body in his engine failed. when minimal pressure was applied to the accelerator pedal it failed to move and suddenly it rapidly accelerated without warning. part# 5f9z9e926b has been on back order since november 2009 which has made it impossible to drive his vehicle for over a month. the manufacturer also stated that since there was no warranty he would be responsible for the repair cost. the failure mileage was 24,812.

Tl* the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while driving between 55-60 mph the vehicle went into safety mode. this conditions causes the vehicle to down-shift. prior to the failure the engine warning light would illuminate on the instrument control panel. the vehicle was taken to the dealer for inspection. the technician stated that the throttle body was damaged. another technician stated that the failure of throttle body caused damages to the transmission. the transmission was repaired, but the throttle body was on backorder. a representative of the manufacturer speculated that the parts would be available in december of 2009. the current and failure mileages were 52,000.

Tl*the contact owns a 2005 ford five hundred. the contact stated that her vehicle shut off while driving various speeds; however, within a few minutes she was able to restart it. the dealer confirmed that the throttle body failed and that the parts are on a national back order. the dealer advised the contact to purchase the parts from a local junk yard. the manufacturer stated that over 1,000 parts are on back order and that they are unsure of when the parts would be available. the failure mileage was 75,000 and the current mileage was 78,000.

I notice years ago that when i would be backing up or pulling into a parking spot that my car would want to accelerate or just speed up. i would be barely pressing on the brake because i was letting the car use it's idleness speed to back out of the space or pull into the parking space. my husband thought it was because i was using the adjustable foot pedal. he does not drive the car very much. shortly after this all started we purchased me another car, i stop driving my ford 500 very much. it sits in the garage a lot. i let my daughter use the car once and she complain of the same thing happening to her and how it scared her. i am also scared of it and only drive it in emergency and i always try to be prepared to expect this to happen. it has no pattern of when or how it happens it all unexpected, working properly one minute and speeding up the next. this car has one other issue when it rains it leaks we find water in the floor on the driver side floor. this car is available for testing if needed because we have a 2nd car that i drive because of this issue. we keep it because it is paid for. *tr

Tl*the contact's client owns a 2005 ford five hundred. while the client was driving 35 mph, she removed her foot from the accelerator pedal; however, the vehicle continued to accelerate. she attempted to apply the brakes, but the speed continued to increase. the client also applied the emergency brake and encountered a pickup truck traveling in the same direction. she crossed over the double-yellow line on a 2-lane road and passed the pickup truck. the driver of the pickup informed police that he noticed brakes being applied, smelled, and saw blue smoke coming from the vehicle. the vehicle continued accelerating. the air bags deployed. the client then side swiped a guardrail for approximately 40 feet. the front tire blew out and the vehicle was pushed across the roadway. a police report was filed. two passengers sustained injuries. the front end of the vehicle struck an embankment on the other side of the road. the vehicle became airborne for approximately 70 feet and landed on its side. at that time, only the driver's side air bag deployed. the vehicle rolled over twice and landed at a recently planted flower bed. the driver seat belt disengaged as well. part of the crash was caught on tape by a pennsylvania dot surveillance camera. the current and failure mileages were 22,000. updated 04/29/08. *lj

Rough acceleration from stop for years. after 218,000 miles engine shuts off reporting engine fail-safe mode. will restart after sitting on side of road for couple, 5-minutes. dealer states bad throttle body - $900.00 repair. apparently a common problem. *tr

I just read a report that you were investigating cases of unexpected lunging in 2005-2007 ford freestyle wagons. i own a 2005 ford five hundred and i have had that same situation happen to me on random occasions. i have entered a randomly chosen date below because this has happened only a few times over the last six years. *tr

Tl* - the contact stated that the car accelerates unexpectedly. the contact stated that once she starts the car and drives a short distance at 10 mph and comes to a complete stop the car will then accelerate unexpectedly. she has taken the car to the dealer (freemont ford) a dozen times and they have not been able to find a problem. the contact said that the car is still at the dealer.

Dt*: the contact stated while applying pressure to the accelerator pedal and the vehicle hesitated. the dealer was unable to duplicate the problem. the manufacturer was contacted. updated 05/30/06.*ak

Since purchasing the ford five hundred there has been a high idle (rpms) when starting the car. we mentioned it several times and were told to let it idle till the rpms go down un 10,0000. we have done this since we bought the car and sit and wait for the rpms to go down before engaging into drive. forunately we have not experienced the power surges other have or the car shutting off while driving. recently we received a letter to bring the car in to have the throttle body cleaned and was told this would solve our issue. this was done on 5/23/13 and the next day the engine light came on and a wrench and we still had the idle problem. the car would act funny and when pulled off road and shut car off. when turned back on the lights would go off. every day until we left for vacation when we took it to our mechanic for an oil change and check the brakes my husband explained what was going on and asked him to test it with the analyzer. the car did not give us theses problems till after the cleaning. the mechanic called and said that the throttle body was bad we told him that we just had a recall for it to be cleaned. he said maybe it needed to be rest/calculated. we went back to ford dealer when we returned and they said it was not their problem and to call corporate service number and they also said was not there problem and we could have a new one put in at our cost. even though there may be one that cleaning does not help it was still our problem. i will not be buyin a ford product again because of our experiences with ford to date. [xxx] information redacted pursuant to the freedom of information act (foia), 5 u.s.c. 552(b)(6). *tr

Dt: the contact stated when applying brake pressure the engine revved at an elevated level. he shifted the vehicle into neutral. when this occurred and the rpms subsided. he took the vehicle to the dealer, who performed a diagnostic test, but this did not produce any codes indicating the source of the problem. therefore, no repairs were made. he contacted the manufacturer and they referred him back to the local dealer.*ak

While attempting to accelerate, electronic throttle is very slow to respond. in times when needing to accelerate immediately, throttle will not let you. it can be very scary. this is a big safety concern for me. dealer has no solution to the problem. dealer said it is common with other 500's. *jb

In parking spot. just started car. foot on brake. shifted car to reverse gear. after a couple or more seconds, the car lurched, with my foot on the break, and nearly hit a pedestrian walking behind my car. upon researching this symptom, i discovered other owners of the five hundred, freestyle and taurus reporting the same symptoms. the culprit appears to be a malfunctioning throttle body, which is or was in short supply for replacement. this particular incident is not the first time i experienced this event. this is just the first time a pedestrian was at risk. the pedestrian can be contacted for verification. *tr